[Squamous cell carcinoma arising on an epidermal inclusion cyst: a case presentation and review of the literature]. / Carcinoma epidermoide desarrollado sobre quiste de inclusión epidérmica cutáneo. Presentación de un nuevo caso y revisión de la literatura.

Epidermal inclusion cysts are very common lesions that very rarely undergo malignant transformation-in the English-language literature we have only found 18 adequately documented cases. We present the case of a man with a 2-month history of a retroauricular skin lesion in which histological study revealed squamous cell carcinoma arising on an epidermal inclusion cyst. Cysts that grow rapidly, reach a large size, ulcerate, develop a fistula, or that do not respond to medical treatment, and those that recur should be excised completely and histological study performed of the whole lesion.

Carcinoma epidermoide desarrollado sobre quiste de inclusión epidérmica cutáneo. Presentación de un nuevo caso y revisión de la literatura / Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising on an Epidermal Inclusion Cyst: A Case Presentation and Review of the Literature

El quiste de inclusión epidérmica es una lesión muy común, siendo muy poco frecuente la transformación maligna del mismo. En la bibliografía en lengua inglesa solamente hemos encontrado 18 casos publicados que estuvieran adecuadamente documentados. Presentamos el caso de un varón con una lesión cutánea retroauricular de dos meses de evolución, cuyo estudio anatomopatológico mostró un carcinoma epidermoide que tenía su origen en un quiste de inclusión epidérmica. Los quistes de crecimiento rápido, aquellos que alcanzan gran tamaño, los que se ulceran, los que fistulizan y no responden al tratamiento médico y aquellos que presentan recurrencias deben extirparse completamente y estudiarse histológicamente en su totalidad (AU)

Epidermal inclusion cysts are very common lesions that very rarely undergo malignant transformation—in the English-language literature we have only found 18 adequately documented cases. We present the case of a man with a 2-month history of a retroauricular skin lesion in which histological study revealed squamous cell carcinoma arising on an epidermal inclusion cyst. Cysts that grow rapidly, reach a large size, ulcerate, develop a fistula, or that do not respond to medical treatment, and those that recur should be excised completely and histological study performed of the whole lesion (AU)

Xantogranuloma juvenil de pene / Juvenile xantogranuloma of the penis

Presentamos un caso de xantogranuloma juvenil de pene en un paciente de 30 años de edad que clínicamente fue diagnosticado de quiste de inclusión epidérmica. Describimos la histología y etiopatogenia de la lesión haciendo hincapié en el diagnóstico diferencial con otras lesiones similares con pronóstico adverso (AU)

We report a case of juvenile xanthogranuloma of the penis in a 30 year old patient with clinical suspicion of epidermoid cyst. Histology and ethiopathogenesis are reviewed, with special emphasis on the differential diagnosis with other similar lesions with worst prognosis (AU)

[Soft tissue metastases by micropapillary bladder carcinoma. Metastatic disease]. / Metástasis en partes blandas por un carcinoma micropapilar de vejiga.

Micropapillary transitional cell carcinoma is a rare (incidence of 0.7%) and highly aggressive variant of bladder carcinoma. Morphologically, it is characterized by small tight clusters of neoplastic cell floating in clear spaces resembling lymphatic channels. Its usual presentation is like a high grade and stage carcinoma and most often is associated with a variable component of conventional carcinoma or other variants. The usual sites of bladder cancer metastases are the lymph nodes, lungs, bone and liver. Soft tissues metastases from transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder occur infrequently. We report the cases of a 77-year-old man presenting with an abdominal soft tissue mass a six years after local excision of a micropapillary bladder carcinoma.

Metástasis en partes blandas por un carcinoma micropapilar de vejiga / Soft tissue metastases by micropapillary bladder carcinoma. Metastatic disease

El carcinoma micropapilar es una variante infrecuente de carcinoma vesical (incidencia del 0.7%) con comportamiento clínico agresivo. Histológicamente está constituido por nidos pequeños de células uroteliales dispuestas en lagunas que simulan invasión vascular y se suelen asociar a estadios clínicos avanzados y alto grado histológico. Estos tumores generalmente se asocian a otras variantes histológicas de carcinoma transicional. Los tumores de vejiga suelen metastatizar a ganglios linfáticos, pulmón, hueso e hígado, pero son excepcionales las metástasis a partes blandas. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 77 años que presentó una masa metástasica en partes blandas de pared abdominal a los 6 años de realizarle resección de un carcinoma transicional variante micropapilar de vejiga

Micropapillary transitional cell carcinoma is a rare (incidence of 0.7%) and highly aggressive variant of bladder carcinoma. Morphologically, it is characterized by small tight clusters of neoplastic cell floating in clear spaces resembling lymphatic channels. Its usual presentation is like a high grade and stage carcinoma and most often is associated with a variable component of conventional carcinoma or other variants. The usual sites of bladder cancer metastases are the lymph nodes, lungs, bone and liver. Soft tissues metastases from transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder occur infrequently. We report the cases of a 77-year-old man presenting with an abdominal soft tissue mass a six years after local excision of a micropapillary bladder carcinoma

[Expresion of E-cadherin and catenins in urothelial carcinomas]. / Expresión de cadherina E y cateninas en los carcinomas uroteliales.

OBJECTIVE: We examined the presence of E-cadherin and alpha, beta and gamma catenins detected by immunohistochemistry and correlated with the classic variables: grade, stage and recurrence. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The authors evaluated 37 transitional cell carcinomas. Biopsy specimens included no recurrent transitional cell carcinoma (n=19) and recurrent transitional cell carcinoma (n=18). Association of E-cadherin and alpha, beta and gamma catenins immunoreactivity with tumor grade, clinical stage and tumor recurrence was examined. RESULTS: E-cadherin and gamma catenin expression were related to the clinical stage of the disease, alpha and beta catenins were not correlated with grade, stage and recurrence of disease. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased E cadherin and gamma catenin expression were associated with advanced stage of the disease.

Expresión de cadherina E y cateninas en los carcinomas uroteliales / Expresion of e-cadherin and catenins in urothelial carcinomas

Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre la expresión de cadherina E y alfa, Beta y gama cateninas detectadas con técnicas de inmunohistoquímica, con las variables pronósticas clásicas del carcinoma urotelial: grado histológico, estadio clínico y recurrencia. Material y métodos: Hemos estudiado la expresión de cadherina E y alfa, Beta y gama cateninas en 37 biopsias de carcinomas transicionales de vejiga. Diecinueve corresponden a carcinomas transicionales de vejiga no recurrentes y 18 a carcinomas transicionales de vejiga recurrentes. Hemos estudiado estadísticamente la asociación de estos marcadores con el estadio clínico, grado histológico y recurrencia del tumor. Resultados: Demostramos una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la expresión de cadherina E y gama catenina con el estadio clínico del tumor. No demostramos asociación estadística significativa entre la expresión de alfa y Beta catenina con el grado histológico, estadio clínico y recurrencia del tumor. Conclusión: La expresión aberrante de cadherina E y gama catenina parece estar relacionado con la capacidad invasiva de los carcinomas uroteliales

Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre la expresión de cadherina E y alpha, Beta y Gamma cateninas detectadas con técnicas de inmunohistoquímica, con las variables pronósticas clásicas del carcinoma urotelial: grado histológico, estadio clínico y recurrencia. Material y métodos: Hemos estudiado la expresión de cadherina E y alpha, Beta y Gamma cateninas en 37 biopsias de carcinomas transicionales de vejiga. Diecinueve corresponden a carcinomas transicionales de vejiga no recurrentes y 18 a carcinomas transicionales de vejiga recurrentes. Hemos estudiado estadísticamente la asociación de estos marcadores con el estadio clínico, grado histológico y recurrencia del tumor. Resultados: Demostramos una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la expresión de cadherina E y gamma catenina con el estadio clínico del tumor. No demostramos asociación estadística significativa entre la expresión de alpha y Beta catenina con el grado histológico, estadio clínico y recurrencia del tumor. Conclusión: La expresión aberrante de cadherina E y Gamma catenina parece estar relacionado con la capacidad invasiva de los carcinomas uroteliales

Tuberculosis peritoneal simulando una carcinomatosis peritoneal: aportación de un caso / Peritoneal tuberculosis mimicking peritonitis carcinomatosis: a case report

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[Lymphoepithelial cyst of the thyroid gland: a case report and review of the literature]. / Quiste linfoepitelial intratiroideo: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura.

We report a case of lymphoepithelial cyst of the thyroid gland in a 31 year-old-man with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and history of multinodular goiter. The lesion was resected and the histopathologic examination showed that the cystic mass was lined by squamous and focally columnar epithelium, an it was surrounded by follicular lymphoid tissue. To our knowledge only twenty cases of this lesion have been reported in the medical literature. An association with chronic thyroiditis has been noted in 10 cases.

[Expression of cytokeratin 5 and calretinin in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma]. / Expresión de citoqueratina 5 y calretinina en el carcinoma renal de células claras.

PURPOSE: Cytokeratin 5 (CK5) and calretinin have been useful in different studies as immunohistochemical markers suggestive of mesothelioma, and their expression is analyzed for the histological differential diagnosis with adenocarcinomas, specially when confronting with metastatic tumors of unknown origin. We have analyzed the expression of CK5 and calretinin in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. METHODS: A series of 63 clear cell renal cell carcinomas was studied. 46 of these cases were embedded in two tissue arrays, and a second group, of 17 cases, was constituted by conventional paraffin blocks from high-grade tumors (grade 4 of Fuhrman). Immunohistochemical staining was performed with monoclonal antibodies against CK5 and calretinin, following the labeled sptreptavidin-biotin technique. RESULTS: No positivity for calretinin was observed in any case, while CK5 was focally expressed, in an isolated group of cells, in 1 of the 63 cases (1,59%) which corresponded to a high-grade carcinoma (grade 4 of Fuhrman). CONCLUSIONS: Expression of calretinin was not observed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and positivity for CK5 occurred only in one case, in a very small proportion of tumor cells. Therefore, in practice, although the positivity for these markers cannot completely exclude renal cell carcinoma, this result is very rare in this tumor and other diagnostic posibilities should be considered.

Quiste linfoepitelial intratiroideo: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Lymphoepithelial cyst of the thyroid gland: a case report and review of the literature

Describimos un caso de quiste linfoepitelial intratiroideo en un varón de 31 años con tiroiditis linfocítica crónica y diagnosticado previamente de bocio multinodular. La lesión fue extirpada e histológicamente estaba tapizada por epitelio escamoso y/o cilíndrico y subyacentemente presentaba celularidad linfoide con patrón folicular. Según la literatura revisada, tan sólo hay veinte casos descritos en la literatura médica y en diez casos estaban asociados a tiroiditis crónica

We report a case of lymphoepithelial cyst of the thyroid gland in a 31 year-old-man with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and history of multinodular goiter. The lesion was resected and the histopathologic examination showed that the cystic mass was lined by squamous and focally columnar epithelium, an it was surrounded by follicular lymphoid tissue. To our knowledge only twenty cases of this lesion have been reported in the medical literature. An association with chronic thyroiditis has been noted in 10 cases

Expresión de Citoqueratina 5 y Calretinina en el carcinoma renal de células claras / Expression of cytokeratin 5 and calretinin in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Objetivo: La citoqueratina 5 (CK5) y la calretinina se han revelado en numerosos estudios como marcadores inmunohistoquímicos sugestivos de mesotelioma y su análisis se utiliza para el diagnóstico diferencial histológico con adenocarcinomas, especialmente ante metástasis de origen desconocido. En el presente estudio hemos analizado la expresión de CK5 y calretinina en el carcinoma renal de células claras. Métodos: Se estudió un total de 63 casos de carcinoma renal de células claras. De ellos, 46 fueron incluidos en dos matrices tisulares (“tissue arrays”), y un segundo grupo, de 17 casos, estuvo constituido por bloques convencionales de tumores de alto grado (grado 4 de Fuhrman). Se realizaron tinciones inmunohistoquímicas con anticuerpos monoclonales anti CK5 y anti calretinina, mediante el método de estreptavidina marcada con peroxidasa-biotina. Resultados: No se obtuvo positividad en ninguno de los casos para calretinina, mientras que la CK5 se expresó focalmente, en células aisladas, en 1 de los 63 casos (1,59%), que correspondió a un carcinoma de alto grado (grado 4 de Fuhrman). Conclusiones: En el carcinoma renal de células claras no hemos observado expresión de calretinina y la positividad para CK5 ha ocurrido de manera aislada y en un porcentaje muy pequeño de células tumorales. Por tanto, en la práctica si bien la positividad para estos marcadores no excluye de manera absoluta carcinoma de células renales, dicho resultado es muy improbable en este tumor y obliga a considerar otras opciones diagnósticas

Purpose: Cytokeratin 5 (CK5) and calretinin have been useful in different studies as immunohistochemical markers suggestive of mesothelioma, and their expression is analyzed for the histological differential diagnosis with adenocarcinomas, specially when confronting with metastatic tumors of unknown origin. We have analyzed the expression of CK5 and calretinin in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Methods: A series of 63 clear cell renal cell carcinomas was studied. 46 of these cases were embedded in two tissue arrays, and a second group, of 17 cases, was constituted by conventional paraffin blocks from high-grade tumors (grade 4 of Fuhrman). Immunohistochemical staining was performed with monoclonal antibodies against CK5 and calretinin, following the labeled sptreptavidin-biotin technique. Results: No positivity for calretinin was observed in any case, while CK5 was focally expressed, in an isolated group of cells, in 1 of the 63 cases (1,59%) which corresponded to a high-grade carcinoma (grade 4 of Fuhrman). Conclusions: Expression of calretinin was not observed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and positivity for CK5 occurred only in one case, in a very small proportion of tumor cells. Therefore, in practice, although the positivity for these markers cannot completely exclude renal cell carcinoma, this result is very rare in this tumor and other diagnostic posibilities should be considered

[Primary non-Hodgkin large B-cell lymphoma of bladder. Report of a case]. / Linfoma no hodgkin B de célula grande primario de vejiga. Presentación de un caso.

INTRODUCTION: primary genitourinary lymphomas are uncommon. Among them, bladder lymphomas are extremely unusual tumors, with clinico-radiological features similar to urothelial carcinomas of bladder. Histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular studies are compulsory for the diagnosis. We report a case of this tumor. CLINICAL CASE: An 80-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with hematuria. Abdominal ultrasound and cystoscopy revealed an infiltrating bladder tumor involving the right lateral wall. After transuretral biopsy, a diagnosis of non-Hodgkin large B-cell lymphoma was made. Neither clinical symptoms nor radiological findings showed disseminated disease, indicating that the tumor was localized in the bladder. After chemotherapy, the patient is disease-free after 9 months follow-up. COMMENT: if a bladder tumor with uncommon histopathological features is found, lymphoma should be excluded, because chemotherapy avoids cystectomy.

Linfoma No Hodgkin B de célula grande primario de vejiga. Presentación de un caso / Primary Non Hodgkin large B-cell lymphoma of bladder. Report of a case

Introducción: Los linfomas primarios del tracto genitourinario son raros. Dentro de ellos, los de vejiga son extremadamente infrecuentes, con características clínico-radiológicas indistinguibles de las de los carcinomas uroteliales, por lo que para su diagnóstico es necesario estudio histopatológico, inmunohistoquímico y molecular. Presentamos un caso de este tipo de tumor. Caso clínico: una mujer de 80 años consultó en nuestro hospital por hematuria. La ecografía abdomina ly la cistoscopia mostraron una tumoración vesical infiltrante en pared lateral derecha. Tras biopsia por resección transuretral, se diagnosticó como linfoma no Hodgkin B de célula grande, que fue considerado primario de vejiga al no existir signos clínicos ni radiológicos de afectación en otras topografías. La paciente recibió quimioterapia y está actualmente libre de enfermedad tras 9 meses de seguimiento. Comentario: ante una tumoración vesical de características histopatológicas poco habituales, la posibilidad de un linfoma debe ser tenida en cuenta, ya que el tratamiento quimioterápico permite conservar la vejiga (AU)

Introduction: primary genitourinary lymphomas are uncommon. Among them, bladder lymphomas are extremely unusual tumors, with clinico-radiological features similar to urothelial carcinomas of bladder. Histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular studies are compulsory for the diagnosis. We report a case of this tumor. Clinical case: An 80-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with hematuria. Abdominal ultrasound and cystoscopy revealed an infiltrating bladder tumor involving the right lateral wall. After transuretral biopsy, a diagnosis of non-Hodgkin large B-cell lymphoma was made. Neither clinical symptoms nor radiological findings showed disseminated disease, indicating that the tumor was localized in the bladder. After chemotherapy, the patient is disease-free after 9 months follow-up. Comment: if a bladder tumor with uncommon histopathological features is found, lymphoma should be excluded, because chemotherapy avoids cystectomy (AU)

[Expression of the cerbB-2 (HER-2/neu) oncoprotein in prostatic adenocarcinoma]. / Estudio de la expresión de cerbB-2 en el adenocarcinoma de próstata.

OBJECTIVES: Our aim is to determine the expression of the cerbB-2 oncoprotein in prostate cancers using an immunohistochemistry staining and to compare these results with several clinical and histological prognostic factors. METHODS: An immunohistochemical staining using the cerbB-2 monoclonal antibody (Dako) was performed in 32 radical prostatectomy specimens diagnosed of adenocarcinoma. The intensity of cerbB-2 expression was evaluated with a scale that variated from 0 (no staining) to 3+ (strong complete membrane staining) according to published guidelines. Association of cerbB-2 index immunoreactivity with clinical and histological prognostic factors was examined. RESULTS: Definite positive membranous staining was detected in 14 of 32 neoplastic cases (44%). Such overexpression was correlated with higher Gleason grade (p=0.04) and higher stage of disease (p=0.038). CONCLUSIONS: 1) This study shows that 44% of all prostate cancer express the cerbB-2 oncoprotein with immunohistochemical technique. 2) These findings suggest that is necessary to standardize the immunohistochemical staining procedure with cerbB-2 in prostate adenocarcinoma. 3) The level of cerbB-2 expression was correlated with Gleason grade and clinical stage.

Estudio de la expresión de cerbB-2 en el adenocarcinoma de prostata / Expression of the cerbB-2 (HER-2/neu) oncoprotein in prostatic adenocarcinoma

Objetivos: Determinar la expresión de la oncoproteína cerbB-2 en carcinomas de próstata con técnicas de inmunohistoquímica de próstata y comparar estos resultados con diversos factores pronósticos clínicos e histológicos. Material y métodos: Se realizó tinción inmunohistoquímica con el anticuerpo cerbB-2 (DAKO) en 32 piezas de prostatectomia radical infiltradas por un adenocarcinoma. La expresión de cerbB-2 fue evaluada de 0 (no-tinción) a 3+ (tinción intensa y continua en la membrana celular) según protocolo. Se analizó la asociación estadística entre la expresión de cerbB-2 con algunos parámetros clínicos e histológicos. Resultados: Se demostró positividad de membrana en 14 de las 32 neoplasias evaluadas (44%). La sobreexpresión de cerbB-2 se correlacionó estadísticamente con el índice de Gleason (p=0.04) y estadio clínico (p=0.038). Conclusiones: 1) Nuestro estudio muestra que aproximadamente el 44% de los carcinomas prostáticos expresan cerbB-2 con técnicas de inmunohistoquímica. 2) Esta serie permite deducir la necesidad de estandarizar la técnica inmunohistoquímica de cerbB-2 en el adenocarcinoma prostático. 3) En nuestro trabajo existe asociación estadística significativa de la expresión de cerbB-2, según el método modificado, con el estadío clínico e índice de Gleason

Objectives: Our aim is to determine the expression of the cerbB-2 oncoprotein in prostate cancers using an immunohistochemistry staining and to compare these results with several clinical and histological prognostic factors. Methods: An immunohistochemical staining using the cerbB-2 monoclonal antibody (Dako) was performed in 32 radical prostatectomy specimens diagnosed of adenocarcinoma. The intensity of cerbB-2 expression was evaluated with a scale that variated from 0 (no staining) to 3+ (strong complete membrane staining) according to published guidelines. Association of cerbB-2 index immunoreactivity with clinical and histological prognostic factors was examined. Results: Definite positive membranous staining was detected in 14 of 32 neoplastic cases (44%). Such overexpression was correlated with higher Gleason grade (p=0.04) and higher stage of disease (p=0.038). Conclusions: 1) This study shows that 44% of all prostate cancer express the cerbB-2 oncoprotein with immunohistochemical technique. 2) These findings suggest that is necessary to standardize the immunohistochemical staining procedure with cerbB-2 in prostate adenocarcinoma. 3) The level of cerbB-2 expression was correlated with Gleason grade and clinical stage

[Low grade collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney. Presentation of one case and literature revision]. / Carcinoma renal de los conductos colectores de bajo grado. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

Collecting duct renal cell carcinoma is an uncommon variant of renal carcinoma. Typically its behaviour is more aggressive than other forms of renal carcinoma and usually it is diagnosed at advanced stages. A 57-year-old man visited our hospital by right lumbar pain. Abdominal CT showed a enhanced mass on the right kidney. A right partial nephrectomy was done. Histological examination of the surgical specimen showed a low grade collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney. This is a new entity, with unknown behaviour but seems to be less aggressive than classical collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney. The clinical, radiological, pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of this tumor are reported, and the literature is reviewed.

Carcinoma renal de los conductos colectores de bajo grado. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Low grade collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney. Presentation of one case and literature revision

El carcinoma renal de los conductos colectores es una variante poco frecuente de carcinoma renal. Típicamente su comportamiento es más agresivo que el de otras formas de carcinoma de células renales, siendo habitualmente diagnosticado en estadios avanzados. Presentamos un caso de carcinoma renal de los conductos colectores de bajo grado. Un varón de 57 años fue admitido en nuestro hospital con clínica de cólico nefrítico. En el TAC se observó una masa en el riñón derecho y se le realizó una nefrectomía parcial. El diagnóstico histológico fue carcinoma renal de los conductos colectores de bajo grado. Es una entidad nueva, de comportamiento desconocido y aparentemente menos agresivo que el carcinoma de los conductos colectores clásico. Describimos las características clínicas, radiológicas, histológicas e inmunohistoquímicas de este tumor y revisamos la literatura

Collecting duct renal cell carcinoma is an uncommon variant of renal carcinoma. Typically itsbehaviour is more aggressive than other forms of renal carcinoma and usually it is diagnosed atadvanced stages. A 57-year-old man visited our hospital by right lumbar pain. Abdominal CTshowed a enhanced mass on the right kidney. A right partial nephrectomy was done. Histologicalexamination of the surgical specimen showed a low grade collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney.This is a new entity, with unknown behaviour but seems to be less aggressive than classicalcollecting duct carcinoma of the kidney. The clinical, radiological, pathological and immunohistochemicalcharacteristics of this tumor are reported, and the literature is reviewed

[Expression of CDX2 in urinary bladder and urethra lesions]. / Expresión de CDX2 en lesiones de vejiga urinaria y uretra.

BACKGROUND: CDX1 and CDX2 are transcription factors involved in the development and maintenance of the intestinal epithelial cell. Expression of CDX2 has been reported in normal and metaplastic intestinal epithelium, and in those adenocarcinomas with that cellular origin. We have analyzed the expression of this marker in reactive and tumoral lesions arising in urinary bladder, urethra and urachus. METHOD: CDX2 was investigated through immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue, using the labelled streptavidin-biotin method (LSAB2, Dako) with a monoclonal antibody (CDX2-88, BioGenex). RESULTS: Expression of CDX2 was observed in intestinal-type cistitis glandularis, intestinal metaplasia of urinary bladder, bladder adenocarcinoma, mucinous urothelial-type carcinoma of prostatic urethra and urachal mucinous carcinoma. CDX2 was not detected in normal urothelium and prostatic glandular epithelium, Von Brunn nests, typical-type cistitis glandularis, glandular adenosis and transitional carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Lesions, both benign and malignant, with enteric-cell morphological features show positivity for CDX2. Expression of this marker is not organ-specific but is just related to a cellular phenotype. Reactivity for CDX2 in an adenocarcinoma can be consistent with an origin in urinary tract or urachus.